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Arnica creams, gels and sprays for the treatment of soft tissue injury: additional references

The following references are additional to those already listed in the evidence summary for "Arnica creams, gels and sprays for the treatment of soft tissue injury", listed on the following website: www.cam.org.nz.

  1. Aberer W, Strohal R. Homoeopathic preparations: severe adverse effects, unproven benefits. Dermatologica. 1991;182(4):253.
  2. Alonso D, Lazarus MC, Baumann L. Effects of topical arnica gel on post-laser treatment bruises. Dermatologic Surgery 2002;28(8):686-688.
  3. Anonymous. Allergic contact dermatitis from asteraceae/identification of an 8,9-epoxy thymoldiester as a contact allergen in Arnica sachalinensis. Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt 1988;36(3):79-82.
  4. Anonymous. Arnica has been wrongly described and afterwards almost wiped out. Pharmazeutische Zeitung 2001;146(3):39-40.
  5. Anonymous. Arnica montana and facial trauma treatment. Annales D Oto-Laryngologie Et De Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale 1977;94(1-2):65-65.
  6. Anonymous. Erratum: Homoeopathic arnica dose (Pharmaceutical Journal (180)). Pharmaceutical Journal 2003;270(7238)
  7. Anonymous. Final report on the safety assessment of Arnica montana extract and Arnica montana. International Journal of Toxicology 2001;20:1-11.
  8. Anonymous. Homeopathic Arnica: just a placebo. Prescrire International 2001;10(55):156
  9. Anonymous. Review of placebo-controlled trials of homeopathic Arnica does not show efficacy. Health Inform 1999;5(7):5.
  10. Anonymous. State-based chronic disease control: the Rocky Mountain tobacco-free challenge. Journal of the American Medical Association 1989;262(21).
  11. Baillargeon L, Drouin J, Desjardins L, Audet D, Leroux D. The effect of Arnica-montana on bleeding times: randomized clinical-trial. Canadian Family Physician 1994;40:225-225
  12. Baillargeon L, Drouin J, Desjardins L, Leroux D, Audet D. The effects of Arnica montana on blood coagulation: a randomized clinical assay. Canadian Family Physician 1993;39(NOV):2362-2367
  13. Bansal S. Infective arthropathy with tubercular aetiology. Indian Journal of Homoeopathic Medicine 1988;23(3):228-229
  14. Bates P. Arnica's bruised reputation. Pharmaceutical Journal 2003;270(7239):330
  15. Bauer CM, Lambert MI, Weight LM. The use of Arnica tablets by runners in the 90 Kilometer Comrades Marathon. South African Journal of Physiotherapy 2001;57(4):14-17
  16. Bauer CM, Weight L, Lambert MI. The use of Arnica for the treatment of soft-tissue damage. South African Journal of Physiotherapy 2002;58(1):34-40
  17. Bharatan V. Arnica montana L. Homoeopath 1995;56:341
  18. Brock FE. Additiver Effekt venentypischer Hydrotherapie nach Kniepp und lokaler Arnika-Anwendung bei Patienten mit chronisch venoser Insuffizienz - Synergismus naturheilkundlicher Therapien. Erfahrungsheilkunde 2001;50(6):357-363
  19. Brock FE. Arnica montana and vein disease. Zeitschrift fur Phytotherapie 1991;12(5):141-145
  20. Concha Zambrano O. The effects of a complex homeopathic preparation on aerobic resistance, anaerobic capacity, strength, and flexibility. Biomedical Therapy 2000;18(1):172-175
  21. Daane SP. Potential for danger with Arnica montana. Annals of Plastic Surgery 2001;46(3):349-350
  22. Dantas F. Reporting and investigating adverse effects of homeopathy. British Homoeopathic Journal. 1999;88(3):99-100
  23. Davis A. Arnica: a remedy for soft-tissue injuries. Practitioner 1989;233(1474):1129-1129
  24. Diederich K, Riggers U. Arnica. Der Merkurstab 2003;56(2):61-76
  25. Elsholz I. Unusual complication of a homeopathic preoperative treatment with Arnica D 12. Tierarztliche Umschau 1991;46(9):556-561
  26. Ernst E. A systematic review of systematic reviews of homeopathy. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2002;54(6):577-582
  27. Ernst E. Homeopathic arnica. Author's reply. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2003;96(4):206-207
  28. Ernst E. How objective are systematic reviews? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2003;96(3):156-157
  29. Ernst E. Intangible risks of complementary and alternative medicine. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2001;19(8):2365-2366
  30. Fisher P, Mathie R, van Haselen R. Homeopathic Arnica. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2003;96(4):206-207
  31. Fisher P. Homoeopathic Arnica for sequelae of hand surgery. Focus on Alternative & Complementary Therapies 2003;8(2):208-209
  32. Ghosh A. Neoplasm and pleural effusions: a case report. British Homoeopath Journal 1987;76(4):218-220
  33. Hamdy MK, Sloan PE. Healing efficacy of homeopathic Arnica on experimentally bruised tissue. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 1986;181(3):472-472
  34. Hausen BM, Herrmann HD, Willuhn G. The sensitizing capacity of compositae plants. I. Occupational contact dermatitis from Arnica longifolia Eaton. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4(1):3-10
  35. Hausen BM. Arnica allergy. Hautarzt 1980;31(1):10-17
  36. Hausen BM. Identification of the allergens of Arnica montana L. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4(5):308
  37. Heck AM, DeWitt BA, Lukes AL. Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. American Journal of Health System Pharmacy 2000;57(13):1221-1227
  38. Herscu P. An Arnica save. Homoeopathic Heritage 1996;21(3):175-178
  39. Hormann HP, Korting HC. Acute allergic contact dermatitis to Arnica tincture. Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt 1994;42(6):246-249
  40. Iauk L, Lo Bue AM, Milazzo I, Rapisarda A, Blandino G. Antibacterial activity of medicinal plant extracts against periodontopathic bacteria. Phytotherapy Research 2003;17(6):599-604
  41. Ippen H. Problems concerning 'Arnica allergy'. Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt 1994;42(6):250-252
  42. Johnson K. Homeopathy for athletes. A new remedy for sore muscles. East West 1987;17(11):24-35
  43. Klaas CA, Wagner G, Laufer S, Sosa S, Della Loggia R, Bomme U, et al. Studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of phytopharmaceuticals prepared from Arnica flowers. Planta Medica 2002;68(5):385-391
  44. Lagrue G, Grillot A. Tobacco and Acupuncture. Nouvelle Presse Medicale 1977;6(36):3333-3334
  45. Linde K. Available controlled trials do not support the efficacy of homoeopathic Arnica. Focus on Alternative & Complementary Therapies 1999;4(3):131-132
  46. Lokken P, Straumsheim PA, Tveiten D, Skjelbred P, Borchgrevink CF. Effect of homoeopathy on pain and other events after acute trauma: placebo controlled trial with bilateral oral surgery. BMJ 1995;310(6992):1439-1442
  47. Lyb G, Schmidt TJ, Pahl HL, Merfort I. Anti-inflammatory activity of Arnica tincture (DAB 1998) using the transcription factor NF-kappaB as molecular target. Pharmaceutical & Pharmacological Letters 1999;9(1):5-8
  48. Machet L, Vaillant L, Callens A, Demasure M, Barruet K, Lorette G. Allergic contact dermatitis from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) with cross-sensitivity to arnica. Contact Dermatitis 1993;28(3):184-185
  49. MacKinnon S. Arnica montana. Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal 1992;125(3)
  50. Merfort I, Wendisch D, Jawara N, Lewith GT, Vickers AJ, Mullee MA. Flavonoidglycoside aus Arnica montana und Arnica chamissonis homoeopathic Arnica and Rhus toxicodendron for delayed onset muscle soreness: a pilot for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Planta Medica 1987;53(5):434-437
  51. Merfort I, Willuhn G, Jerga C. Arnica flowers German Pharmacopeia: test for purity. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 1990;130(May 3):980-984
  52. Merfort I. Arnica montana anti-inflammatory effect transcription factors NF-kappa B cytokines. Forschende Komplementarmedizin Und Klassische Naturheilkunde 2003;10:45-48
  53. Mevorah B, Orion E, Matz H, Wolf R. Cutaneous side effects of alternative therapy. Dermatologic Therapy. 2003;16(2):141-149
  54. Millikan LE. Alternative therapy in pruritus. Dermatologic Therapy 2003;16(2):175-180
  55. Mitra S. Arnica montana: its unknown role in diabetes mellitus. Simillimum 2000;13(4):67-69
  56. Moog-Schulze JB. Een medisch experimenteel onderzoek naar de werkzaamheid van een uitwendige toepassing van Arnica-gelei. Tijdschrift voor Integrale Geneeskunde 1993;9(3):105-112
  57. Niebauer GW, Dorcsi M, Pfeil L. Effect of homoeopathic Arnica-D-12 and actihemyl on wound-healing in the animal-experiment. Praktische Tierarzt 1980;61(2):128-132
  58. Norred CL, Zamudio S, Palmer SK. Use of complementary and alternative medicines by surgical patients. AANA Journal 2000;68(1):13-18
  59. O'Meara S, Wilson P, Bridle C, Wright K, Kleijnen J. Homeopathy. Quality & Safety in Health Care 2002;11(2):189-194
  60. Paulsen E, Andersen KE, Hausen BM. Sensitization and cross-reaction patterns in Danish Compositae-allergic patients. Contact Dermatitis 2001;45(4):197-204
  61. Perry R, Dowrick C. Homeopathy and general practice: an urban perspective. British Homoeopathic Journal. 2000;89(1):13-16
  62. Pirker C, Moslinger T, Koller DY, Gotz M, Jarisch R. Cross-reactivity with Tagetes in Arnica contact eczema. Contact Dermatitis 1992;26(4):217-219
  63. Pradhan AC. A remedy for bruises as a constitutional remedy: a case of Arnica montana. Homoeopathic Links 1997;10(1):8-9
  64. Punzo A. Homeopathic medicine: an overview with specific applications for the orthopaedic patient. Techniques in Orthopaedics 2003;18(1):54-61
  65. Ramelet AA, Buchheim G, Lorenz P, Imfeld M. Homoeopathic Arnica in postoperative haematomas: a double-blind study. Dermatology 2000;201(4):347-348
  66. Reichenberg-Ullman J, Ullman R. Think homeopathy for sports injuries. Townsend Letter 2003;240:61-65
  67. Reider N, Komericki P, Hausen BM, Fritsch P, Aberer W. The seamy side of natural medicines: contact sensitization to arnica (Arnica montana L.) and marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Contact Dermatitis 2001;45(5):269-272
  68. Richardson J. Homeopathic Arnica. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2003;96(4):204-204
  69. Riley D. Arnica montana and homeopathic dosing guidelines. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2003;112(2):693-693
  70. Rohan L. The effects of Arnica montana in dental extraction. Homeopathy in Practice 2003;3:42-43
  71. Roki D, Menkovic N, Savikin-Fodulovic K, Krivokuca-Dokic D, Grubisic D. Flavonoids and essential oil in flower heads of introduced Arnica chamissonis. Journal of Herbs, Spices, & Medicinal Plants 2001;8:419-427
  72. Rudzki E, Grzywa Z. Dermatitis from Arnica montana. Contact Dermatitis 1977;3(5):281-282
  73. Scmidt TJ, Bomme U, Alfermann AW. Sesquiterpene lactone content in leaves of in vitro and field cultivated Arnica montana. Planta Medica 1998;64(3):268-270
  74. Sevar R. Audit of outcome in 829 consecutive patients treated with homeopathic medicines. British Homoeopathic Journal. 2000;89(4):178-187
  75. Shinde P. Importance of mental state in injury cases. Indian Journal of Homoeopathic Medicine 2001;33(3):31-32
  76. Siebenwirth J. Homeopathic Arnica in postoperative haematomas: a double-blind study. Forschende Komplementarmedizin Und Klassische Naturheilkunde 2001;8(3):172-175
  77. Sonawala S. Arnica: first alphabet of homoeopathy. Indian Journal of Homoeopathic Medicine 1986;21(2):33-34
  78. Stevinson C. Unconvincing results for Arnica in recovery from surgery. Focus on Alternative & Complementary Therapies 2002;7(3):265
  79. Uehleke B. Phytobalneology. Zeitschrift fur Phytotherapie 1996;17(1):26-43
  80. Vickers AJ, Fisher P, Smith C, Wyllie SE, Lewith GT. Homoeopathy for delayed onset muscle soreness: a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. British Journal of Sports Medicine 1997;31(4):304-307
  81. Wijnsma R, Woerdenbag HJ, Busse W. The importance of Arnica-species in phytomedicine. Zeitschrift fur Phytotherapie 1995;16(1):48-62
  82. Wijnsma R, Woerdenberg HJ, Van Der Molen J. The phytotherapeutic use of arnica. Pharmaceutisch Weekblad 1994;129(37):924-930
  83. Wilkens J, Ludtke R, Stein F, Schuwirth W, Karenovic A. Comparative study of the therapy of stroke syndrome with homeopathic and anthroposophic remedies in a geriatric rehabilitation center. Der Merkurstab 2003;56(1):22-27
  84. Wilkens J, Ludtke R. Arnica 30x after knee surgery. British Homeopathic Journal 2000;89(Suppl. 1)
  85. Willuhn G, Leven W, Luley C. Arnica flowers German Pharmacopeia 10 (DAB 10): investigation of the qualitative and quantitative variability of sesquiterpene lactone contents of official Arnica crude drugs. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 1994;134(Oct 20):49-50, 52, 55-56, 58-59
  86. Willuhn G, Leven W. Quality of Arnica preparations: sesquiterpene lactone contents of tinctures and aqueous infusions. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 1995;135(May 25):33-36
  87. Willuhn G. Arnica contact dermatitis and the contact allergens causing it. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 1986;126(Sep 18):2038-2044
  88. Willuhn G. Arnica montana L.: portrait of a medicinal plant. Pharmazeutische Zeitung 1991;136(Sep 12):9-12, 14, 18, 21, 24-26
  89. Willuhn G. Arnica montana: medicinal plant of the year 2000. Zeitschrift fur Arznei & Gewurzpflanzen 2001;6(2):51
  90. Wiluhn G, Junior I, Wendisch D. Desmethoxy-encecalin und Thymolderivate aus Arnica sachalinensis. Planta Medica 1986;5:349-351
  91. Woerdenbag HJ, Merfort I, Passreiter CM, Schmidt T, Willuhn G, Kampinga HH, et al. Cytotoxicity of flavonoids and sesquiterpene lactones from Arnica species. Planta Medica 1993;59(7 Suppl)
  92. Wolf M, Tamaschke C, Mayer W, Heger M. Efficacy of Arnica in varicose vein surgery: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Forschende Komplementarmedizin und Klassische Naturheilkunde 2003;10(5):242-247
  93. Youngson RM. Randomized trial of homoeopathic Arnica. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 1997;90(4):239-240


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