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Echinacea for the prevention and treatment of the common cold: additional references

The following references are additional to those already listed in the evidence summary for "Echinacea for the prevention and treatment of the common cold", listed on the following website: www.cam.org.nz.

  1. Abebe W. Herbal medication: potential for adverse interactions with analgesic drugs. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy & Therapeutics. 2002;27(6):391-401.
  2. Aggarwal A, Ades PA. Interactions of herbal remedies with prescription cardiovascular medications. Coronary Artery Disease 2001;12(7):581-584.
  3. Andrews LW, Lee L, Levin-Gervasi S, Sens J. News for healthy living. Echinacea: useful or not? Alternative Medicine 2003(56):15.
  4. Ang-Lee MK, Moss J, Yuan CS. Herbal medicines and perioperative care. Journal of the American Medical Association 2001;286(2):208-216.
  5. Anonymous. Allergic reactions to echinacea. Geneesmiddelenbulletin 1999;33(7):79.
  6. Anonymous. Cochrane reviews: echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. Nursing Times 2001;97(44):37.
  7. Anonymous. Complementary medicines: Be aware of allergy risk in atopic patients. Modern Medicine of Australia 1998;41(4):9.
  8. Anonymous. Echinacea for prevention and treatment of upper respiratory infections. Medical Letter on Drugs & Therapeutics 2002;44(1127):29-30.
  9. Anonymous. Echinacea for the common cold. Child Health Alert. 2003;21:2.
  10. Anonymous. Echinacea questionable for colds. Health News. 1999;5(1):7.
  11. Anonymous. Echinacea verkurzt den verlauf einer unkomplizierten erkaltung signifikant. Natura Med 1999;14(3):38-39.
  12. Anonymous. Echinacea vs. the common cold. Harvard Women's Health Watch 2000;7(6):1.
  13. Anonymous. Echinacea. Alternative Medicine Review 2001;6(4):411-414.
  14. Anonymous. Echinacea: an effective natural remedy for the common cold and flu? Dietary Supplement 2000(1):1.
  15. Anonymous. Echinacea: treatment or prevention? Health News. 1999;5(12):7.
  16. Anonymous. First reports of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in recent weeks. Drugs & Therapy Perspectives 2001;17(9):15.
  17. Anonymous. Natural goodness? Consumer 2000;395:8-11.
  18. Anonymous. Natural remedies won't prevent a cold: but they may help in other ways. Health News 2000;18(6):1-2.
  19. Anonymous. Nontraditional choices. Understanding echinacea. Nursing 2003;33(1):76.
  20. Anonymous. ResearchScan. Echinacea doesn't prevent, but does shorten, colds. Health News 1999;17(2):11.
  21. Anonymous. Staying well: relieving the common cold. Harvard Health Letter 1998;24(1):1-3.
  22. Anonymous. Summaries for patients. Treatment of colds with a capsule form of the herb echinacea.[original report in Ann Intern Med. 2002 Dec 17;137(12):939-946]. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2002;137(12):I18.
  23. Anonymous. Treatments for the common cold. Journal of Clinical Excellence 2000;2(2):131-132.
  24. Anonymous. Use of echinacea to treat the common cold warrants further investigation. Pharmaceutical Journal 2002;269(7229):881.
  25. Austen FK. Allergies, anaphylaxis, and systemic mastocytosis. In: Harrison's online. New York: McGraw-Hill Health Professions Division; 2003. p. Part 12, section 2, chapter 310.
  26. Awang DVC, Kindack DG. Herbal medicine. Echinacea. Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal 1991;124(11):512-515.
  27. Barrett B, Kiefer D, Rabago D. Assessing the risks and benefits of herbal medicine: an overview of scientific evidence. Alternative Therapies in Health & Medicine 1999;5(4):40-49.
  28. Barrett B, Kiefer D, Rabago D. Assessing the risks and benefits of herbal medicine: an overview of scientific evidence. Alternative Therapies in Health & Medicine. 1999;5(4):40-49.
  29. Barrett B, Locken K, Maberry R, Schwamman J, Brown R, Bobula J, et al. The Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS): a new research instrument for assessing the common cold. Journal of Family Practice. 2002;51(3):265.
  30. Barrett B, Vohmann M, Calabrese C. Information on additional echinacea trials: the preceding letter was referred to Drs Barrett, Vohmann, and Calabrese, who reply as follows. Journal of Family Practice 1999;48(12):1001-1002.
  31. Barrett BP, Brown RL, Locken K, Maberry R, Bobula JA, D'Alessio D. Treatment of the common cold with unrefined echinacea: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 2002;137(12):939-946.
  32. Bauer R, Hoheisel O, Stuhlfauth I, Wolf H. Extract of the Echinacea purpurea herb: an allopathic phytoimmunostimulant. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift. 1999;149(8-10):185-189.
  33. Bauer R. Echinacea: pharmaceutical quality and therapeutical value. Zeitschrift fur Phytotherapie 1997;18(4):207-214.
  34. Bauer R. New knowledge regarding the effect and effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea extracts. Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift. 2002;152(15-16):407-411.
  35. Bedard M. Echinacea. Canadian Pharmaceutical Journal 1999;132(1):20.
  36. Bennett J, Brown CM. Use of herbal remedies by patients in a health maintenance organization. Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 2000;40(3):353-358.
  37. Bielory LD. Adverse reactions to complementary and alternative medicine: ragweed's cousin, the coneflower (echinacea), is "a problem more than a sneeze". Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology 2002;88(1):7-9.
  38. Blumenthal M. The complete German Commission E monographs: therapeutic guide to herbal medicines. Boston: American Botanical Council; 1998.
  39. Bone K. Echinacea: when should it be used? Alternative Medicine Review 1997;2(6):451-458.
  40. Borchers AT, Keen CL, Stern JS, Gershwin ME. Inflammation and Native American medicine: the role of botanicals. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000;72(2):339-347.
  41. Boullata JI, Nace AM. Safety issues with herbal medicine. Pharmacotherapy 2000;20(3):257-269.
  42. Braunig B, Dorn M, Knick E. Enhancement of resistance in common cold by Echinaceae purpureae radix. [German]. Zeitschrift fur Phytotherapie 1992;13(1):7-13.
  43. Braunig B, Knick E. Therapeutische erfahrungen mit echinacea pallida bei grippalen infekten. Naturheilpraxis mit Naturmedizin 1993;1:72-75.
  44. Braunwald E. Harrison's principles of internal medicine [online edition]. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2001.
  45. Burger RA, Torres AR, Warren RP, Caldwell VD, Hughes BG. Echinacea-induced cytokine production by human macrophages. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 1997;19(7):371-379.
  46. Chavez ML, Chavez PI. Echinacea. Hospital Pharmacy 1998;33(Feb):180-188.
  47. Chichon PG. Herbs and the common cold. Advance for Nurse Practitioners. 2000;8(8):31-32.
  48. Chrubasik S, Roufogalis B. Effectiveness of herbal medicines: where is the evidence? New Zealand Pharmacy 2002;22(12):31-33.
  49. Chua D. Chronic use of echinacea should be discouraged. American Family Physician. 2003;68(4):617; author reply 617.
  50. de Jong N, Ocke MC, Branderhorst HA, Friele R. Demographic and lifestyle characteristics of functional food consumers and dietary supplement users. British Journal of Nutrition. 2003;89(2):273-281.
  51. Dennehy C. Need for additional, specific information in studies with echinacea. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2001;45(1):369.
  52. Dennehy CE. Incorporating alternative medicines safely into clinical practice: advice for the patient. ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting 1997;32(Dec):1-8.
  53. Dergal JM, Gold JL, Laxer DA, Lee MS, Binns MA, Lanctot KL, et al. Potential interactions between herbal medicines and conventional drug therapies used by older adults attending a memory clinic. Drugs & Aging. 2002;19(11):879-886.
  54. Dorn M, Knick E, Lewith G. Placebo-controlled, double-blind study of echinaceae pallidae radix in upper respiratory tract infections. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 1997;5:40-42.
  55. Dorn M. Milderung grippaler infekte durch ein pflanzliches immunstimulans. Natur-und GanzheitsMedizin 1989;2:314-319.
  56. Drago S. Therapeutic strategies for the common cold. Occhio Clinico Pediatria 2002;6(2):21-24.
  57. Ernst E. The risk-benefit profile of commonly used herbal therapies: ginkgo, St. John's wort, ginseng, echinacea, saw palmetto, and kava. Annals of Internal Medicine 2002;136(1):42-53.
  58. Ertel G, Manley H, McQueen C, Bryant P. Information on additional echinacea trials. Journal of Family Practice 1999;48(12):1001.
  59. Farah MH, Edwards R, Lindquist M, Leon C, Shaw D. International monitoring of adverse health effects associated with herbal medicines. Pharmacoepidemiology & Drug Safety 2000;9(2):105-112.
  60. Farmer WD, Silverman DG. Potential effects of herbal medicinals on perioperative care. Seminars in Anesthesia 2001;20(2):110-117.
  61. Ferreira MP. Nutrition notes. Common remedies for the common cold. Strength & Conditioning Journal 2000;22(5):59-60.
  62. Fugh-Berman A. No benefit of echinacea in the treatment of the common cold? Focus on Alternative & Complementary Therapies 2003;8(2):191-192.
  63. Gaby AR. Comments on the common cold. Lancet. 2003;361(9359):782; author reply 782.
  64. Galea S, Thacker K. Double-blind placebo prospective trial investigating the effectiveness of a commonly prescribed herbal remedy in altering the duration, severity and symptoms of the common cold: Unpublished manuscript; 1996.
  65. Gallo M, Koren G. Can herbal products be used safely during pregnancy? Focus on echinacea. Canadian Family Physician 2001;47:1727-1728.
  66. Gallo M, Sarkar M, Au W, Pietrzak K, Comas B, Smith M, et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to echinacea: a prospective controlled study. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2000;160(20):3141-3143.
  67. Gunning K. Echinacea in the treatment and prevention of upper respiratory tract infections. Western Journal of Medicine 1999;171(3):198-200.
  68. Hodges PJ, Kam PCA. The peri-operative implications of herbal medicines. Anaesthesia 2002;57(9):889-899.
  69. Hoheisel O, Sandberg M, Bertram S, Bulitta M, Schafer M. Echinagard treatment shortens the course of the common cold: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. European Journal of Clinical Research 1997;9:261-268.
  70. Houghton P. Echinacea. Pharmaceutical Journal 1994;253(6806):342-343.
  71. Ingrao P. The lowdown on echinacea. Here's Health 2002;2002(11):56.
  72. Izzo AA, Ernst E. Interactions between herbal medicines and prescribed drugs: a systematic review. Drugs 2001;61(15):2163-2175.
  73. Jaber R. Respiratory and allergic diseases: from upper respiratory tract infections to asthma. Primary Care; Clinics in Office Practice 2002;29(2):231-261.
  74. Kamen B, Rosenbaum ME. Prescribe for yourself: how to make alternative medicine work for you. Boost your immunity during cold season. Alternative Medicine 2002(45):40.
  75. Kim HO, Durance TD, Scaman CH, Kitts DD. Retention of caffeic acid derivatives in dried Echinacea purpurea. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2000;48(9):4182-4186.
  76. Kim LS, Waters RF, Burkholder PM. Immunological activity of larch arabinogalactan and Echinacea: a preliminary, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Alternative Medicine Review 2002;7(2):138-149.
  77. Kim MC, Lee NP. How to treat influenza and colds. Western Journal of Medicine 2000;172(4):260-264.
  78. Kligler B. Echinacea. American Family Physician 2003;67(1):77-80.
  79. Ko R. Adverse reactions to watch for in patients using herbal remedies. Western Journal of Medicine 1999;171(3):181-186.
  80. Levy S. New relief for the cold and flu season is here. Drug Topics 1999;143(21):46.
  81. Lindbaek M. Review: heterogeneous studies show that echinacea may be effective for preventing and treating the common cold. Commentary on: Melchart D, Linde K, Fischer P et al. Echinacea for preventing and treatment of the common cold. Cochrane Review, latest version 16 November 1998. ACP Journal Club 1999;131:19.
  82. Linde K, Jonas WB, Melchart D, Willich S. The methodological quality of randomized controlled trials of homeopathy herbal medicines and acupuncture. International Journal of Epidemiology 2001;30(3):526-531.
  83. Linde K, Lindenmuth EB. Echinacea and the common cold: convincing evidence still lacking. Forschende Komplementarmedizin und Klassische Naturheilkunde 2001;8(2):111-112.
  84. Linde K. Echinacea and the common cold: convincing evidence still lacking. Forschende Komplementarmedizin 2001;8(2):111-112.
  85. Mack RB. "A bunch of the boys were whooping it up". Echinacea for what ails ya. North Carolina Medical Journal. 1998;59(4):236-237.
  86. Maiwald L, Weinfurtner T, Mau J, Connert WD. Treatment of common cold with a combination homeopathic preparation compared with acetylsalicylic acid. Controlled randomized single-blind study. Arzneimittel Forschung 1988;38(4):578-582.
  87. McDermott JH. Case Study 3: applying evidence-based medicine principles to clinical decisions regarding the use of Echinacea. ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting 2001;36(Dec):1-94.
  88. Melchart D, Linde K, Fischer P, Kaesmayr J. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2000.
  89. Melchart D, Linde K, Fisher P, Kaesmayr J. A systematic review. Focus on Alternative & Complementary Therapies 1999;4(4):195-196.
  90. Messerschmidt K. Natural alternatives for the common cold: hype or hope? South Dakota Journal of Medicine. 2001;54(3):93-94.
  91. Morike K, Gleiter CH. Herbal remedies: a potential source of drug interactions. Internist 2003;44(6):748-752.
  92. Mullins RJ, Heddle R. Adverse reactions associated with echinacea: the Australian experience. Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology 2002;88(1):42-51.
  93. Mullins RJ. Echinacea-associated anaphylaxis. Medical Journal of Australia 1998;168(4):170-171.
  94. Mygind N, Gwaltney JM, Winther B, Hendley JO. The common cold and asthma. Allergy 1999;54:146-159.
  95. Niggemann B, Gruber C. Side-effects of complementary and alternative medicine. Allergy 2003;58(8):707-716.
  96. Ondrizek RR, Chan PJ, Patton WC, King A. Inhibition of human sperm motility by specific herbs used in alternative medicine. Journal of Assisted Reproduction & Genetics 1999;16(2):87-91.
  97. Osowski S, Rostock M, Bartsch HH, Massing U. Pharmaceutical comparability of different therapeutically used echinacea remedies. Forschende Komplementarmedizin Und Klassische Naturheilkunde 2000;7(6):294-300.
  98. Parnham MJ. Benefit-risk assessment of the squeezed sap of the purple coneflower (echinacea purpurea) for long-term oral immunostimulation. Phytomedicine 1996;3(1):95-102.
  99. Paulsen E. Contact sensitization from Compositae-containing herbal remedies and cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis. 2002;47(4):189-198.
  100. Percival SS. Use of echinacea in medicine. Biochemical Pharmacology 2000;60(2):155-158.
  101. Pittler MH. Echinacea extract for the prevention and treatment of the common cold. Focus on Alternative & Complementary Therapies 1999;4(4):194-196.
  102. Reitz H. Immunmodulatoren mit pflanzlichen Wirkstoffen. 2. Teil: eine wissenschaftliche Studie am Beispiel Esberitox N. Notabene Medici 1990;20:362-366.
  103. Rininger JA, Kickner S, Chigurupati P, McLean A, Franck Z. Immunopharmacological activity of echinacea preparations following simulated digestion on murine macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 2000;68(4):503-510.
  104. Roan S. Botanical remedies: is echinacea the feel-good herb of the cold season? Los Angeles Times 1998;119(11):Health: S1.
  105. Ross-Flanigan N. Alternatives. The hottest of cold remedies. Health (San Francisco) 2000;14(1):66.
  106. Schardt D. Echinacea: still out in the cold. Nutrition Action Health Letter 1998;25(3):8-10.
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  111. Soon SL, Crawford RI. Recurrent erythema nodosum associated with echinacea herbal therapy. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2001;44(2):298-299.
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  113. Strong KM. Community CAM: "Indian" echinacea. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy 2003;3(1):115-120.
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